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|subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Bergen |government_footnotes = 〔 |government_type = Borough |governing_body = Borough Council |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Anthony R. Suarez (D, term ends December 31, 2015)〔(2015 New Jersey Mayors Directory ), New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, as of October 20, 2015. Accessed November 14, 2015.〕 |leader_title1 = Clerk |leader_name1 = Linda Silvestri〔(Borough Clerk ), Borough of Ridgefield. Accessed August 19, 2013.〕 |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = May 26, 1892 |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = 〔(2010 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey County Subdivisions ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.〕 |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 7.394 |area_land_km2 = 6.608 |area_water_km2 = 0.786 |area_total_sq_mi = 2.854 |area_land_sq_mi = 2.551 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.303 |area_water_percent = 10.62 |area_rank = 347th of 566 in state 31st of 70 in county〔 |population_as_of = 2010 Census |population_footnotes = 〔(DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Ridgefield borough, Bergen County, New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 13, 2013.〕〔〔(Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Ridgefield borough ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed March 13, 2013.〕 |population_total = 11032 |population_rank = 223rd of 566 in state 32nd of 70 in county〔(GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 13, 2013.〕 |population_density_km2 = 1669.4 |population_density_sq_mi = 4323.7 |population_density_rank = 137th of 566 in state 34th of 70 in county〔 |population_est = 11289 |pop_est_as_of = 2014 |pop_est_footnotes = 〔 |timezone = Eastern (EST) |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = Eastern (EDT) |utc_offset_DST = -4 |elevation_footnotes = 〔, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 11, 2013.〕 |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = 10 |coordinates_type = region:US_type:city |coordinates_region = US-NJ |coordinates_display = inline,title |coordinates_footnotes = 〔〔(US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990 ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 |latd = 40.832337 |longd = -74.015134 |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 07657〔(Look Up a ZIP Code for Ridgefield, NJ ), United States Postal Service. Accessed January 5, 2012.〕〔(Zip Codes ), State of New Jersey. Accessed August 19, 2013.〕 |area_code = 201〔(Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Ridgefield, NJ ), Area-Codes.com. Accessed August 29, 2013.〕 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 3400362910〔〔(American FactFinder ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕〔(A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey ), Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed October 29, 2012.〕 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 0885367〔(US Board on Geographic Names ), United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 |website = |footnotes = }} Ridgefield is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 11,032,〔〔〔 reflecting an increase of 202 (+1.9%) from the 10,830 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 834 (+8.3%) from the 9,996 counted in the 1990 Census.〔(Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010 ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed March 3, 2013.〕 Ridgefield was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on May 26, 1892, from portions of Ridgefield Township.〔Snyder, John P. (''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968'' ), Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 84. Accessed October 23, 2012.〕〔(History of the Borough of Ridgefield ), Ridgefield, New Jersey. Accessed September 17, 2015.〕 The borough was named for the area's terrain.〔Gannett, Henry. (''The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States'' ), p. 26. United States Government Printing Office, 1905. Accessed September 21, 2015.〕 ==History== At the time of European colonization, the area was home to the Hackensack tribe of the Lenape Native Americans, who maintained a large settlement to the north on Overpeck Creek. Their name is an exonym taken from the territory and is translated as ''place of stony ground'' 〔Wright, Kevin G. ("The Indigenous Population of Bergen County" ), Bergen County Historical Society. Accessed January 5, 2012.〕 which describes the diminishing Hudson Palisades as they descend into the Meadowlands becoming the ''ridgefield'' that is part of Hackensack River flood plain. In 1642, Myndert Myndertsen received a patroonship as part of the New Netherland colony for much the land in the Hackensack and Passaic valleys. He called his settlement Achter Kol, or ''rear mountain pass'', which refers to its accessibility to the interior behind the Palisades. Originally spared in the conflicts that begin with the Pavonia Massacre, the nascent colony was later abandoned.〔(Historical marker of Achter Col "colony" ), Historical Marker Database. Accessed September 22, 2015.〕 In 1655, Oratam, sachem of the Hackensack, deeded a large tract nearby to Sara Kiersted, who had learned the native language and was instrumental in negotiations between Native Americans and the settlers.〔(The Sarah Kiersted Patent ), Teaneck Creek Organization. Accessed January 5, 2012.〕〔Nottle, Diane. ("Do You Know These Women?" ), ''The New York Times'', March 1, 1998. Accessed October 1, 2014. "Even before the Elizabeths, a Dutch housewife named Sarah Kiersted was learning the language of the local Lenape Indians, possibly as early as the 1640's. She became a channel of communication between Dutch settlers and the Lenape Chief Oratam, and for her services the chief granted her almost 2,300 acres -- comprising all of Ridgefield Park and sections of Teaneck and Bogota -- in 1666."〕 In 1668, much of the land between Overpeck Creek and the Hudson River was purchased by Samuel Edsall,〔Harvey, Cornelius Burnham. ("Genealogical History Of Hudson And Bergen Counties New Jersey Early Settlers of Bergen County" ), 1900. Accessed October 1, 2014. " In 1668 Samuel Edsall and Nicholas Varlet bought from the native Indians section 3, comprising 1,872 acres of "waste land and meadow," bounded east by the Hudson River, west by the Hackensack River and Overpeck Creek, and south by the 'Town and Corporation of Bergen.'"〕 and soon became known as the English Neighborhood, despite the fact most of the settlers were of Dutch and Huguenot origin.〔(Historic Englewood ), City of Englewood. Accessed October 1, 2014. "In spite of the still strong Dutch character, the area became known as 'English Neighborhood' and stretched from Ridgefield to Closter."〕 The opening of the West Shore Railroad and Erie Railroad's Northern Branch in the mid 19th century brought suburbanization to the region, and in Ridgefield, significant industry and manufacturing.〔(Northern Branch Corridor Project )〕 Grantwood was an artist's colony established in 1913 by Man Ray, Alfred Kreymborg and Samuel Halpert and became known as the "Others" group of artists.〔Churchill, ''op. cit.'' page 51〕〔Van Gelder, Lawrence. ("ARTS BRIEFING" ), ''The New York Times'', February 12, 2003. Accessed January 5, 2012.〕 The colony consisted of a number of clapboard shacks on a bluff. To this day the names of the streets in this part of the town — Sketch Place, Studio Road and Art Lane — pay homage to Grantwood's history.〔Brandon, ''op. cit.'' page 82〕 Kreymborg moved to Ridgefield and launched ''Others: A Magazine of the New Verse'' with Skipwith Cannell, Wallace Stevens, and William Carlos Williams in 1915.〔("Modernism began in the magazines" ), The Modernist Journals Project of Brown University and the University of Tulsa. Accessed January 5, 2012. "Under the editorship of Alfred Kreymborg, this little magazine published the work of Maxwell Bodenheim, Mina Loy, Marianne Moore, Ezra Pound, Carl Sandburg, Wallace Stevens, and William Carlos Williams, playing an important role in freeing American poetry from traditional models."〕〔Stavitsky, Gail. (AFTERWORD: "Artists and Art Colonies of Ridgefield, New Jersey" ), Traditional Fine Arts Organization. Accessed January 5, 2012.〕 The initial of the New Jersey Turnpike were completed in 1952, with the original northern terminus at an interchange connecting to Route 46 in Ridgefield.〔Staff. ("JERSEY PIKE OPENS FINAL 9-MILE LINK; Section Between Newark and Ridgefield Park Dedicated -- Study of Tolls Planned" ), ''The New York Times'', January 16, 1952. Accessed January 5, 2012.〕 An additional four-mile stretch of road connecting the Turnpike from Ridgefield to Interstate 80 in Teaneck and from there to the George Washington Bridge was completed in 1964. The western spur was added in the 1970s, with its two spurs re-connecting in the western side of the borough. In the 1970s, the area came under the auspices of the Hackensack Meadowlands Development Commission, meant to set parameters and balance development in the ecologically sensitive region. Some parts of the low-lying areas, including Skeetkill Creek Marsh, have been set apart as nature reserves and extension of system that connects to the Overpeck Reserve and Overpeck County Park. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ridgefield, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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